Why do so many atheists deny the existence of an historical Jesus?
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@ MA
You are either refusing to think logically or cannot think logically. Which one is it?
Ad hominem. Not even a good one. Get fucked.
Given the fragmentary nature of the historical record, we cannot assess historicity on the basis of contemporary evidence. You would know this if you knew anything about the historiography of the ancient world.
I do, you don't. You have made that obvious by clinging to evidently unsupported conclusions. Using "inference" and opinion as a substitute for facts and evidence.
Historian Michael Grant was a great influence back in the fifties. I enjoyed reading him in the 1970's However historians have moved on with great advances in textual analysis, archeological discoveries and so much more. Any assertions that Michael Grant made were before Nag Hammadi discoveries and other major advances such as the translation and verification of the Codex Sinaiticus. History today is exciting , because it is a movable feast. Conclusions cannot be made without solid evidence anymore.
Sure you can sell books that way...but I am betting you haven't even done that have you?
Contemporary eyewitnesses are "puffery"? Ancient historians are "puffery"? Modern historians are "puffery"? 300 years of biblical scholarship is "puffery"? Inference to the best explanation is "puffery"? Don't be ridiculous.
Don't fucking strawman me you piss weak arse. I said conclusions based solely (and they are) on inference and opinion from your reading of the select verses from Epistles of Paul are Puffery and frankly egotistical.
There are no "contemporary eye witnesses" to your claims. Your underwear is showing.
I've presented more than enough evidence that Jesus is historically well-attested.
Don't make me laugh you have presented NOTHING, nada, zilch. Then you have the sheer effrontery to get pissy? Buffoon.
(Edit for clarity)
@Old man shouts ...: I voted for "Can't think logically." After looking at just a couple of his citations, obviously not supporting his assertions, I just don't have the time for his shotgun approach to evidence innuendo. He missed the mark on every assertion.
That's why I asked him for just one specific fact, his best fact or bit of evidence, to support his assertion. He has come up with nothing. NOTHING There is no single fact supporting the idea that Jesus existed. There is a plethora of innuendo and supposition but not one hard fact. Only the ignorant believe you can stick together a bunch of really bad assertions that are not actually supported by evidence and come up with one good assertion supported by lots of bad evidence. It takes someone really special to be good at this sort of thinking. ("Special" the alternative meaning.)
@Cognostic
Please explain why evidence of absence is absence of evidence! If you knew anything about the historical method, you would know there are other criteria for establishing historicity than just contemporary references.
I have offered a considerable amount of evidence proving the historicity of Jesus beyond the shadow of a doubt. Just because you choose to ignore it or because you don't have the ability to address it doesn't make it magically disappear. The evidence is there for anyone who wishes to seriously examine it.
@Militant_Atheist: You have offered JACK SHIT NOTHING. Please cite your best piece of evidence. If you have such good evidence, how fucking hard could that be? All I am asking for is ONE fact or bit of EVIDENCE that is non-controversial and that proves Jesus was a real human being. JUST ONE.
WAITING....
@Militant_Atheist: re: "Please explain why evidence of absence is absence of evidence!" Happy to do so.
Were the absence of evidence not evidence of absence, every experiment ever conducted would have to be conducted again and again and again because you would never know when something might change. FACT is, a lack of evidence is a fact in and of itself. Absence of evidence is in fact evidence of absence.
Science designs models. Belief is allocated to the degree of the evidence provided by any given set of theories. (It is important to recognize that science does not get us to 100% truth; not physics and not history.) Science builds models that describe the reality in which we find ourselves. When the facts do not line up with our suppositions (Hypothesis) we are completely justified in REJECTING the hypothesis. ("Jesus was real" is an unjustified hypothesis,)
Imagine you enter a village and all the people or the town tell you that there is a man eating bear living in a cave near the town. As you talk to them, you discover that no one has ever actually seen the bear. You discover that the stories about the bear are all 2000 years old. You find out that many people attribute magical powers to the bear. A lock of its' hair might cure disease or a tooth could curse a neighbor. You find out that some people worship the bear and that by praying to it, good luck will come to believers. And yet, no one, not one person, has ever seen the bear and all this answered prayer crap happens at the rate of chance.
You decide to go to the mountain and look for the bear. You find the cave. Well, actually, find several caves as the people of the village do not actually agree. Still you are persistent. You set up cameras with motion detectors to observe the caves. You bait the caves. You put powder in front of them for tracking. You yell into the caves. You shoot guns into the caves. Nothing you do results in any evidence at all for a bear being in the cave. We watch the cave for 40 years and there is no sign of bears, magical or otherwise. WE CAN LOGICALLY CONCLUDE: There is no bear in the cave. We pick up our flashlight and we enter the cave. We see nothing. No bones of dead animals. No nesting place. Nothing to indicate a bear had ever been in the cave. ABSENCE OF EVIDENCE IS EVIDENCE OF ABSENCE. We are completely justified in "BELIEVING" no bear has been in the cave.
Could a bear have possibly once lived in the cave 2000 years ago? Sure. Could the rumors be based on something? Sure. Is there any good reason to believe the rumors? No!
The only real fault in this analogy is that we all know, bears actually do exist. Well, Jesus might have been a bear. Okay, he might have been. DO YOU HAVE ONE PIECE OF CONVINCING EVIDENCE. JUST ONE BIT OF EVIDENCE THAT CAN STAND AGAINST CRITICAL INQUIRY. WHAT IS YOUR VERY BEST BIT OF EVIDENCE.
WHY ARE YOU AVOIDING THIS QUESTION. IT HAS BEEN ASKED 4 TIMES NOW. Please cite the one and only, non-controversial, bit of factual evidence that supports the existence of Jesus as a god, as a man, as an anything other than myth. You have made the assertion that Jesus was real. You have adopted a burden of proof. Please demonstrate your position with anything resembling an indisputable fact that leads us to verify the existence of Jesus as a real or living person.
It's not ad hominem when that's exactly what you're doing. Evidence of absence is not absence of evidence!
If you were as familiar with the historical method as you say you are, you would know there are multiple criteria used to establish historicity, beside contemporary references.
No, you don't, because you keep insisting that absence of contemporary sources proves anything, when it doesn't.
Also, inference is an important part of the historical method.
Yes, there have been great advances in the field of historiography, archaeology, DNA analysis etc. but even today, the scholarly consensus that Jesus was a real person has not changed.
Again, inference is an important part of the historical method.
We have historical evidence of James, who was the brother of Jesus and must have known him firsthand.
You're only argument so far is the one from ignorance, which means you're just shifting the burden of proof:
One way in which one would attempt to shift the burden of proof is by committing a logical fallacy known as the argument from ignorance. It occurs when either a proposition is assumed to be true because it has not yet been proved false or a proposition is assumed to be false because it has not yet been proved true.[8][9]
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Burden_of_proof_(philosophy)#Shifting_the_burden_of_proof
@ MA
Moving goalposts again?
here is exactly what I said:
You then replied: It's not ad hominem when that's exactly what you're doing. Evidence of absence is not absence of evidence!
You really are losing the plot.
I am just going to leave that ridiculous phrase there....for everyone to wonder at. ......
Isaid: There are no "contemporary eye witnesses" to your claims. Your underwear is showing.
You replied:
We have historical evidence of James, who was the brother of Jesus and must have known him firsthand.
And now you bring a new, fresh, and very red herring? How fucked in the head are you?
My only argument is from ignorance?...LMFAO.......again I will just leave that here to rot like a kipper on a rock......
And then you go back to Wiki...*sigh* Oh my.
Let us try something different old timer....
If you choose to believe in a human jesus then do explain what his attributes and actions were?
Where he came from, what he actually said and why we know nothing at all about him.
Perhaps that might be a better way for you to explain your faith, as everything else seems to have deserted you.
You've been arguing repeatedly that evidence of absence is absence of evidence and I have merely pointed out that this is not logical thinking. Is it or is it not logical? It's not ad hominem to point this out.
I don't "believe in a human jesus," I merely pointed out that the historicity of Jesus is well-supported by the evidence. As I have said repeatedly, the most we can say about Jesus is that he was a failed Messiah who lived in Palestine during the early part of the 1st century and was crucified under Pontius Pilate in the 30s. The rest is speculation, with some claims more supported than others. I've never claimed anything more.
Faith? I'm an atheist, I don't have any faith.
@Material_Atheist
"My burden of proof has already been met, many times over. The onus is now on you to prove why I am wrong."
Oh for goodness sake! You really no idea do you . You may not shift the burden of proof simply because you have met that burden. (See below)
It is the person making the claim who has the burden of proof, it's not to anyone else to prove you wrong.
You have NOT met the burden of proof because you have provided none..
"Bollocks! An historical Jesus is the most reasonable inference that can be made on the basis of the available evidence."
A bald dogmatic claim made without evidence, There is no consensus among biblical scholars on the historicity of Jesus. Although an absence of proof does not prove absence, neither is the converse true .
Although an absence from silence does not in itself prove absence, it may be a strong indicator.
BECAUSE there is no contemporary evidence for the existence of Jesus, no dogmatic claims may be made one way or t'other.
Not an uncommon place for the ancient historian to find him/herself . When this occurs, secondary sources are studied .Those sometimes lead to an educated guess,.Even modern historians say such things as "it seems likely" "may be the case" and "is probably the case" - Most avoid dogmatic statements such as the one you have made .
MY position :
The best which can be reasonably claimed about an historical Jesus is: There MAY have been a wandering Rabbi in first century Judea, as such were common in that place and time. That his name MAY have been something like Yeshua/Yoshua bar Yusuf ,.,"Jesus" ' being the latinised version of his Greek name "Iesous". That he MAY have founded a small Jewish sect, much like the Jewish followers of "The Way" (Ebionites)
That Yeshua/Yoshua MAY have upset the wrong people and been crucified for sedition .Sadly, a common fate for many Jews in first century Judea < an aside; Christians tend to miss the point about crucification; it was an excruciating and shameful death especially a for a jew. Bodies were NOT usually removed ,but left to rot and be eaten by scavengers. Most unlikely Jesus' body would have been removed from the cross>
That the religion which became known as "'christianity' in the fourth century has little if anything do to with an historic person.
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Ebionites (Greek: Ἐβιωναῖοι, Ebionaioi, derived from Hebrew אביונים ebyonim, ebionim, meaning "the poor" or "poor ones") is a patristic term referring to a Jewish Christian movement that existed during the early centuries of the Christian Era.[1] They regarded Jesus of Nazareth as the Messiah while rejecting his divinity and his virgin birth[2] and insisted on the necessity of following Jewish law and rites.[3] They used only one of the Jewish–Christian gospels, the Hebrew Book of Matthew starting at chapter three; revered James, the brother of Jesus (James the Just); and rejected Paul the Apostle as an apostate from the Law.[4] Their name suggests that they placed a special value on voluntary poverty. Ebionim was one of the terms used by the sect at Qumran who sought to separate themselves from the corruption of the Temple. Many believe that the Qumran sectarians were Essenes.[
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ebionites
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BURDEN OF PROOF
Holder of the burden:
"When two parties are in a discussion and one makes a claim that the other disputes, the one who makes the claim typically has a burden of proof to justify or substantiate that claim especially when it challenges a perceived status quo.[1] This is also stated in Hitchens's razor. Carl Sagan proposed a related criterion, the Sagan standard, "extraordinary claims require extraordinary evidence".[2]
While certain kinds of arguments, such as logical syllogisms, require mathematical or strictly logical proofs, the standard for evidence to meet the burden of proof is usually determined by context and community standards and conventions.[3][4]
Philosophical debate can devolve into arguing about who has the burden of proof about a particular claim. This has been described as "burden tennis" or the "onus game".[5][6][7]"
"Shifting the burden of proof
One way in which one would attempt to shift the burden of proof is by committing a logical fallacy known as the argument from ignorance. It occurs when either a proposition is assumed to be true because it has not yet been proved false or a proposition is assumed to be false because it has not yet been proved true.[8][9] "
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Burden_of_proof_(philosophy)
That's not how it works. You don't understand what burden of proof is.
After stating the evidence for my claim, you must explain why that claim lacks sufficient warrant, using logic and evidence. When no such explanation is forthcoming, it is the other person who then bears the burden of proof.
So far, you have presented me with nothing but logical fallacies and deliberate avoidance of the evidence, which means that you now bear the burden of proof, not me.
You should also read your own sources before mindlessly spamming it:
When two parties are in a discussion and one makes a claim that the other disputes, the one who makes the claim typically has a burden of proof to justify or substantiate that claim especially when it challenges a perceived status quo.
The historicity of Jesus is a status quo position, which means that it is YOU who have the burden of proof, not me! Even your own source contradicts you!
This just shows what little you know of modern biblical scholarship. There is indeed a scholarly consensus on the historicity of Jesus.
How many biblical scholars actually deny the historicity of Jesus? One? Two? Maybe three, if we ignore Richard Carrier's lack of training in the relevant field. They can all be counted on one hand. What about standard biblical reference works, such as the Anchor Bible Commentary Series or the Theological Dictionary of the New Testament? I'm afraid you won't find any support here. There isn't a single reference work in existence that denies the historicity of Jesus.
But if "there is no consensus on the historicity of Jesus," as you foolishly claim, wouldn't there be an abundance of scholars and reference works promoting Jesus mythicism? Where are they? Again, with the exception of one or two fringe academics, virtually all biblical scholars accept the historicity of Jesus.
In cases like this there are many possibilities, not just one. It could also be a "strong indicator" of poor investigative technique.
That's a stupid argument. The historical record is fragmentary, so its not possible to provide contemporary references most of the time. Moreover, a source's date of composition in the 70s and 80s AD does not mean it is not drawing from a Jesus tradition originating in the 30s.
If you knew anything about historiography, you would know there are many ways of establishing historicity, besides contemporary references. One of these is inference to the best explanation.
The most plausible explanation for the origins of Christianity is the existence of an historical Jesus, because it makes the least number of assumptions compared to other theories; it also has the greatest explanatory power and scope. Many people have tried to concoct origin stories with the same parsimony and explanatory power, but have failed miserably. If the historical Jesus was a myth, how come none of the pagan and Jewish opponents of Christianity ever doubted the historicity of Jesus? The most parsimonious explanation of this is the existence of an historical Jesus.
Another is multiple attestation in independent sources, which measurably strengthens historicity. The larger the number of independent sources and the closer they are to the person or event in question, the better. This is what we see with Jesus: Paul, the synoptic gospels, pre-Pauline creedal formulas, gJohn and references by Tacitus and Josephus, six independent sources providing multiple attestation of Jesus. These sources are near-contemporary, but some may draw from Jesus traditions dating to the mid-30s. These sources tell us there was a man named Jesus who lived in Palestine and was crucified under Pontius Pilate.
It is because of evidence like this we can be certain Jesus existed.
No, it is not a "dogmatic statement," because Jesus's historicity is based on evidence, which has not been successfully refuted by anyone. You would know this if you knew anything about historiography.
This is not much different from what I think, except there has never been an alternative explanation for the origins of Christianity with the same explanatory power and parsimony as the historicity of Jesus. Nor has anyone ever credibly explained why the many Christian sects, as well as Jewish and pagan opponents of Christianity never denied the existence of an historical Jesus if Jesus was in fact a myth. This is one reason why we can be certain there was an historical Jesus.
@ Cranky
Give it up mate, this guy is fixated and like the worst of theists will not let go of his cherished presuppositions.
Seriously...all he has is his rather weak insistence on historiography. Which without corroboration is supposition.
His hysterical reactions to honest questioning suggests his scholarship is rooted in the 1st half of the 20th century and had yet to catch up with the latest developments.
Ah well.
@Old Man Shouts
"Give it up mate, this guy is fixated and like the worst of theists will not let go of his cherished presuppositions."
Yeah ,had pretty much decided that already. The bloke is complete fuckwit/ drongo/fool .Keeps digging a deeper hole.
One of my many flaws is a difficulty in suffering fools. I absolutely must give up now, before I say something unkind. So far I've been playing nice.
Only to your own satisfaction clearly, if others disagree then this type of grandiose bombast means very little. We have seen too many theists come here claim to have evidence fail to offer any, then down the line decry others for ignoring that evidence. If it makes you feel good to pat yourself on the back then kudos, you're doing a grand job as your constant approbation of your own posts is as self congratulatory as any theist I've seen.
I remain unconvinced, though, as the "evidence" you are citing is far from compelling. Why is it so important to you to believe in an historical Jesus anyway? Do you fret this much about the existence of Hercules?
Well if you believe that, then you should offer sufficient warrant, based on logic and evidence, as to why I have not met my burden of proof. Just ignoring the evidence or saying it's "far from compelling" does not constitute sufficient warrant. Until that is offered, it is you who now shoulder the burden of proof.
Furthermore:
When two parties are in a discussion and one makes a claim that the other disputes, the one who makes the claim typically has a burden of proof to justify or substantiate that claim especially when it challenges a perceived status quo.[1]
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Burden_of_proof_(philosophy)
The last time I checked, there is a 300 year-old scholarly consensus on the historicity of Jesus.
I don't "believe" in a historical Jesus, it's just what the evidence is pointing to. Jesus was an historical figure, whereas Hercules and the Jesus of theology are mythological figures. See the difference? As an educator, it's important that other people realize that Jesus mythicism is without solid foundation in the evidence.
@Militant_Atheist
No, the burden of proof rests with your claim for an historical Jesus, I haven't made any claim, merely pointed out that I do not find the rhetoric you have supplied compelling, and thus withhold belief.
Correct, and the claim is yours, I have not made a contrary claim either, though you seem to be implying I have.
That sounds like an appeal to authority fallacy to me.
Hmm, which is it? A belief is the affirmation of a claim, the claim is that an historical Jesus existed, you have claimed this is true, thus by definition you believe the claim to be true. I remain unconvinced, and you're wasting your time trying to pretend that withholding belief carries a burden of proof, it does not.
Ho hum...
That was dishonestly quoted out of context. I was responding to posters who dogmatically insist Paul not meeting Jesus is proof he wasn't a real person by pointing out other possibilities, not drawing any inferences from it.
@ Militant_Atheist
What Sheldon did was pull up different statements you made to prove the constant change in your position and obvious contradictions. It is not dishonest to make such comparisons, because it exposes the base dishonesty coming from you.
No it wasn't, but here is the original context. No one dogmatically claimed any such thing, see Nyarlathotep's original post responding to your claim that the writings of Paul were "near contemporary accounts", but the claim Paul never meeting Jesus represented proof he didn't exist was your straw man.
So you did in fact infer something from your claim that Paul never denied meeting Jesus. When Nyarathotep responded to your claim his writings were "near contemporary references". A More cynical observer might point out that is the same as saying they were not contemporary references, which of course they weren't, and which was all Nyarlathotep was pointing out as far as I can see. The claim was not dogmatically made, and you simply made up that straw man, and have run with it since. You seem in too much of a blinkered hurry to me, again why you are so closed minded on this is baffling.
Your histrionics suggests the irony of this contradiction in the same post doesn't need a heavy hand pointing it out, so I shall simply sit back and roll my eyes. I will however point out the dishonest hypocrisy of you throwing accusations of ad hominem around in light of that last comment.
You certainly like to quote things out of context. Why not quote from that tirade of abuse I was responding to? It's not like I'm using it as an argument, I'm merely pointing out that people should refrain from childish antics if they wish to participate in a grown-up discussion. That's literally all there is to it.
Nothing was quoted out of context, as I gave the context in my post, which was you resorting to ad hominem whilst criticising others for it.
Whilst referring to another poster as a "chimp", so I'm not sure how my pointing out the irony is missing the context, to be honest it seems precisely to frame context.
@ Militant_Atheist
"Why not quote from that tirade of abuse I was responding to? It's not like I'm using it as an argument, I'm merely pointing out that people should refrain from childish antics if they wish to participate in a grown-up discussion."
It is sad that this thread has so much attacking and ad hominem attacks, which I am also guilt of. But myself and others are responding and reacting to your actions. I suggest you back to page one and read the chronological order of posts, and you did not waste any time attacking anyone challenging your position. What followed was a response based on the level of respect you brought to this forum.
So don't cry when you get some poo on you face, because you started the slinging contest. It would have been an adult conversation if you had kept it civil.
I am still unclear as to how he can claim Paul's anecdotal claims about Jesus, which are not contemporaneous, as evidence for a historical Jesus, but even more amused by his simultaneous claim that because Paul never denied meeting Jesus, this is evidence he might have, but the fact that there is no evidence Paul ever met Jesus can infer nothing without invoking a fallacy. If he can't see that the first claim is an appeal to ignorance fallacy then his heavy handed claims to be rational can only be met with amusement. You can't apply logical principles only when it suits you.
I don't deny that Paul might have met Jesus, only point out there is zero evidence he ever did, thus to believe he did would be irrational by definition. So claiming Paul's attitude about his own claims about Jesus represent compelling evidence his claims were true is manifestly hilarious nonsense. Nothing the author has said has me any more convinced Jesus was an historical person than before he arrived. I can see why theists like to greet doubts of an historical Jesus with a massive show of histrionics, but it's unclear why an atheist would care about Jesus existence any more than the existence of Hercules.
Are you saying contemporary references are what's needed to establish historicity? Because if you believe that, you're obviously ignorant of the principles of modern historiography. We don't have contemporary references for many historical figures and events, but that doesn't mean they never existed or it never happened. Is it not possible that given the fragmentary state of the ancient historical record, we can use other means to establish historicity?
Maybe if you learned how to think logically, you would know that evidence of absence is not absence of evidence.
Are you not capable of following an argument? I have never once claimed "that because Paul never denied meeting Jesus, this is evidence he might have." I've made it clear that no evidence can be drawn from this either way. Maybe try working on your reading comprehension skills?
You say you "don't deny that Paul might have met Jesus," but then go on to contradict yourself with an argument from ignorance. Confused much? Evidence of absence is not absence of evidence.
Maybe because they enjoy knowledge for it's sake? Or educating people about history and the historical method? What makes you so sure about what an atheist would care about?
Re: Militant "Atheist"
Jeeeeeezus H. Christ on a blueberry bagel! This freakin' imposter is worse than JoC, Breezy, and SFT all combined.... *shaking head in amazement*... How the hell is that even possible?
You do love your straw man fallacies, now tell me does an absence of evidence, represent evidence? You seem to infer this when you claimed Paul hadn't denied meeting Jesus to repudiate Nyarlathotep's assertion that as far as he knew Paul had never met Jesus? Incidentally that is an argument from ignorance fallacy, look it up.
There is no contradictions, you just seem not to understand the difference between a lack of belief in a claim, and making a contrary claim, until you can learn this you will continue to point out logical fallacies that have not been used. Do you believe invisible unicorns exist?
I'll take your word for it, but you don't seem to be educating or enjoying to me. yet another straw man fallacy from you, where did I claim to be sure about what atheists would care about? Try calming down and reading what I wrote, as saying "it is unclear why" is hardly a claim, let alone one of certainty, and you have the temerity to make ad hominem remarks about my reading and comprehension skills.
Take a chill pill, a debate forum is not the place to come if you don't like people disagreeing with you.
The problem is I already know this isn't your first account; which puts me in a tough spot. I should have done something about it sooner; instead of giving you opportunity after opportunity to explain yourself; perhaps I was in denial.
If you feel you've been treated unfairly send an email describing your situation to the site admin.
User removed
@Nyar Re: The removal of MA
Outstanding! Ha! I KNEW that yo-yo sounded familiar. (Still can't place exactly who, though.) Nevertheless, great job as always!... *thumbs up*...
Good decision Nyar.
His schtick was getting awfully familiar towards the end....
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